Identification of constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients of protective effect on acute liver injury from Yin Chen Hao decoction based on UPLC-QTOF/MS / 药学学报

To identify the active constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients in vivo from Yin Chen Hao decoction provides scientific evidence for probing its prevention and treatment mechanism on acute liver injury. An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) method was applied for analysis of Yin Chen Hao decoction and the serum samples of mice with con-A induced acute liver injury after preventive oral administration for 14 days (the use of all laboratory animals in this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Naval Medical University, 19YF1459400). A total of 90 chemical constituents were identified from Yin Chen Hao decoction, mainly were flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, quinones. 5 prototype compounds were identified in the serum, including chrysophanol, deoxyrhapontin-8-O-gallate, mussaenosidic acid, herniarin, emodin. The established UPLC-QTOF/MS method could efficiently and sensitively identify the constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients of Yin Chen Hao decoction, primarily clarify the material basis of its hepatoprotective effect, and provided a scientific basis for the quality marker selection and the pharmacodynamic material basis research on the decoction.

Comparative study of corneal thickness and thinnest point position of keratoconus measured by Pentacam HR and RTVue OCT / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the difference, correlation, and consistency of corneal thickness and the thinnest point position detected by Pentacam HR corneal topography map and RTVue optical coherence tomography(OCT)in patients with keratoconus.METHODS: Cross-sectional comparative study. The corneal curvature map, corneal thickness map, thinnest point position, and thinnest point thickness were detected by Pentacam HR and RTVue OCT. Paired sample t-test was used for data consistent with normal distribution, and paired sample rank sum test was used for data inconsistent with normal distribution. Spearman correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were used for the correlation and consistency of the two measurement methods.RESULTS: A total of 63 patients(105 eyes)with keratoconus were included in this study, including 49 males(77.8%)and 14 females(22.2%), aged 22.24±6.19 years; among them, relevant data of Pentacam HR topographic map: Km was 47.85±4.73D and Kmax was 55.43±8.72D. In measuring central corneal thickness and the thinnest point thickness of keratoconus, the Pentacam HR was 4.70μm and 19.46μm thicker than the mean value measured by RTVue OCT(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the thinnest points measured by the two devices(P>0.05). The central corneal thickness and the thinnest point thickness measured by the two devices were highly correlated, the horizontal coordinate of the thinnest point was moderately correlated, and the vertical coordinate of the thinnest point was weakly correlated. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the central corneal thickness, the thinnest point thickness, the horizontal coordinate of the thinnest point, and the vertical coordinate of the thinnest point were 95.2%(100/105)and 93.3%(98/105), 95.2%(100/105), 95.2%(100/105)respectively, which were within the 95% consistency limit, while the consistency ranges were -36.00～+26.62μm, -42.27～+3.36μm, -0.80～+0.84mm, and -1.95～+1.06mm, respectively.CONCLUSION: In keratoconus, the central corneal thickness and the thinnest point thickness measured by Pentacam HR were higher than those measured by RTVue OCT. It is not recommended that the central corneal thickness and the thinnest point thickness measured by the two instruments be interchangeable in clinical use because of the wide range of consistency between the two instruments' results. The position of the thinnest corneal point measured by the two instruments is similar and consistent, so it could be considered to replace the measured values of the two instruments in clinical use.

Mitochondrial transplantation as a promising therapy for mitochondrial diseases

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of inherited or acquired metabolic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction which may affect almost all the organs in the body and present at any age. However, no satisfactory therapeutic strategies have been available for mitochondrial diseases so far. Mitochondrial transplantation is a burgeoning approach for treatment of mitochondrial diseases by recovery of dysfunctional mitochondria in defective cells using isolated functional mitochondria. Many models of mitochondrial transplantation in cells, animals, and patients have proved effective via various routes of mitochondrial delivery. This review presents different techniques used in mitochondrial isolation and delivery, mechanisms of mitochondrial internalization and consequences of mitochondrial transplantation, along with challenges for clinical application. Despite some unknowns and challenges, mitochondrial transplantation would provide an innovative approach for mitochondrial medicine.

Assessment of the local blood supply when femoral neck fracture occurs:advances in the anatomy research and its clinical application / 中国骨伤

The stability of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures can be obtained through surgical techniques, the configuration of screws and bone grafting, etc. However, the blood supply injury caused by fractures could not be completely reversed by the current medical management. Hence, the comprehensive evaluation of the residual blood supply of the femoral neck, to perioperatively avoid further iatrogenic injury, has become a hotspot. The anatomy of the extraosseous blood supply of the femoral neck has been widely reported, while its clinical application mostly involved the assessment of the medial circumflex femoral artery and retinacular arteries. However, further studies are needed to explore the prognosis of patients with these artery injuries, with different degrees, caused by femoral neck fractures. Direct observations of nutrient foramina in vivo are not possible with current clinical technologies, but it is possible to make reasonable preoperative planning to avoid subsequent femoral head necrosis based on the distribution features of nutrient foramina. The anatomy and clinical application studies of the intraosseous blood supply focused on the junction area of the femoral head and neck to probe the mechanism of femoral head necrosis. Thus, the intraosseous blood supply of other regions in the femoral neck remains to be further investigated. In addition, a blood supply evaluation system based on a three-level structure, extraosseous blood vessels, nutrient foramina, and intraosseous vascular network, could be explored to assist in the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Disease in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In recent years， coronary microvascular disease （CMVD）， a main type of ischemic heart disease with high incidence and low diagnosis rate， has become a new research hotspot and received much clinical attention. The etiology of CMVD is complex and the symptoms are various. Traditional Chinese and Western medicine have different opinions on its pathogenesis and treatment plan. Western medicine believes that CMVD is related to structural abnormalities （such as microvascular remodeling， vascular invasion， lumen obstruction， sparse vascular vessel and perivascular fibrosis） and functional abnormalities （such as endothelial dysfunction， smooth muscle cell dysfunction， microvascular constriction， microvascular spasm， inflammation and autonomic nervous dysfunction） of coronary microvascular vessels as well as the extravascular factors （such as heart rate and blood pressure）. In clinics， conventional western medicines are usually used for empirical treatment， but with undesirable effects. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） believes that CMVD belongs to the category of "chest impediment"， "heart pain" and "collateral disease"， and the common syndromes include Qi deficiency and blood stasis， Qi stagnation and blood stasis， Qi and Yin deficiency， congealing cold in heart vessel， heart and spleen deficiency， blood stasis obstructing collaterals， combined phlegm and blood stasis， and liver and kidney deficiency， with a variety of treatment methods. Specifically， Chinese patent medicines， self-designed prescriptions， modified classical prescriptions and TCM characteristic therapies have achieved certain effects. This review discussed the risk factors， pathological mechanism， TCM etiology and pathogenesis and traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of CMVD， to provide reference for the study and treatment of CMVD.

Associations of mobile phone use with male semen quality and sex hormones / 环境与职业医学

Background Experimental studies have shown that radiofrequency electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones can cause adverse effects on male reproductive health, including decreased semen quality and altered sex hormones. However, the results of epidemiological studies on the relationship between mobile phone use and male semen quality are inconsistent. Furthermore, there are few epidemiological studies on the association of mobile phone use with sex hormones. Objective To explore the associations of mobile phone use with male semen quality and sex hormones. Methods A total of 2045 men visited the reproductive medicine center of a hospital in Wuhan and ordered infertility examination were recruited from December 2018 to January 2020. Information on mobile phone use was obtained using a questionnaire. Among them, 1232 and 1694 men were eligible for semen quality analyses and sex hormone analyses, respectively. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of mobile phone use with male semen quality and sex hormones. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, there was no statistically significant associations of mobile phone use with sperm progressive motility, sperm total motility, sperm concentration, sperm count, or serum luteinizing hormone (P>0.05). However, serum total testosterone showed a declined tendency with increasing daily duration of mobile phone use (Ptrend=0.08). Compared with men with daily mobile phone use of 0-2 h, men with daily mobile phone use of 2.1-5, 5.1-8, and >8 h showed decreased serum total testosterone concentrations by 6.29% (95%CI: 0.40%-11.84%), 6.01% (95%CI: 0.60%-12.19%), and 7.87% (95%CI: 0.40%-14.79%), respectively. Conclusion Mobile phone use is not associated with male semen quality and serum luteinizing hormone, but increasing daily duration of mobile phone use is potentially associated with a tendency to lower male serum total testosterone.

Intervention effect of Chuanxiong-Chishao herb pair on circRNA/lncRNA expression profile in a myocardial infarction-atherosclerosis model / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the intervention effect of Chuanxiong-Chishao herb pair(CX-CS) on a myocardial infarction-atherosclerosis(MI-AS) mouse model and investigate its effect on the expression profile of circular RNAs(circRNAs)/long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) in ischemic myocardium and aorta. Sixty male ApoE~(-/-) mice were randomly assigned to a model group, high-, medium-, and low-dose CX-CS groups(7.8, 3.9, and 1.95 g·kg~(-1)), and a positive drug group(metoprolol 26 mg·kg~(-1) and simvastatin 5.2 mg·kg~(-1)), with 12 mice in each group. Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the sham group. The mice in the model group and the groups with drug intervention were fed on a high-fat diet for 10 weeks, followed by anterior descending coronary artery ligation. After that, the mice were fed on a high-fat diet for another two weeks to induce the MI-AS model. The mice in the sham group received normal feed, followed by sham surgery without coronary artery ligation. Mice in the groups with drug intervention received CX-CS or positive drug by gavage for four weeks from the 9th week of high-fat feeding, and those in the model group and the sham group received an equal volume of normal saline. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on the heart and aorta tissues of the medium-dose CX-CS group, the model group, and the sham group after administration. The results showed that the medium-and high-dose CX-CS groups showed improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis area, and the medium-dose CX-CS group showed significantly reduced plaque area. CX-CS treatment could reverse the expression of circRNA＿07227 and circRNA＿11464 in the aorta of AS model and circRNA expression(such as circRNA＿11505) in the heart of the MI model. Differentially expressed circRNAs between the CX-CS-treated mice and the model mice were mainly enriched in lipid synthesis, lipid metabolism, lipid transport, inflammation, and angiogenesis in the aorta, and in angiogenesis, blood pressure regulation, and other processes in the heart. CX-CS treatment could reverse the expression of lncRNAs such as ENSMUST00000162209 in the aorta of the AS model and TCONS＿00002123 in the heart of the MI model. Differentially expressed lncRNAs between the CX-CS-treated mice and model mice were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, and iron death in the aorta, and in angiogenesis, autophagy, and iron death in the heart. In summary, CX-CS can regulate the expression of a variety of circRNAs and lncRNAs, and its intervention mechanism in coronary heart disease may be related to the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation in ischemic myocardium, as well as lipid metabolism, lipid transport, inflammation, angiogenesis in AS aorta.

Trastuzumab-induced human cardiomyocyte damage through the Notch2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway

Abstract Objective Trastuzumab is the preferred drug for the treatment of breast cancer. However, research on the cellular mechanisms of trastuzumab's potential cardiotoxicity is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to explore the toxic effects and potential mechanism of action of trastuzumab on cardiomyocytes. Method Human Cardiomyocyte (HCM) viability was assessed using the MTT method. HCM apoptosis was detected using the Hoechst33342/PI Fluorescent staining. The LDH and CK activities of the cell were measured using commercially available LDH and CK assay kits. The expression levels of Notch2, JAK2, STAT3, cleaved caspase 3, bax, and bcl 2 in HCMs were detected using western blotting. Results The results showed that 250 mg/L trastuzumab induced cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis, inhibited viability, activated the Notch2 receptor, and inhibited JAK2/STAT3 expression in HCM. Inhibition of Notch2 expression in HCM by targeted siNotch2 transfection reversed the trastuzumab-induced injury and apoptosis, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 returned to normal levels. Conclusions Trastuzumab induces Notch2 expression by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway of HCMs, promotes cell apoptosis, and causes cardiomyocyteinjury. Notch2 may be a potential target of trastuzumab-inducedmyocardial injury. This experiment reveals the mechanism of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity, providing a theoretical basis for the application of trastuzumab.

Ginsenoside Rg1 injection combined with inosine tablets and vitamin B1 for the treatment of primary retinitis pigmentosa / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 injection combined with inosine tablets and vitamin B1 on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide(PACAP)and clinical efficacy in primary retinitis pigmentosa.METHODS: A total of 50 patients(100 eyes)with primary retinitis pigmentosa who admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from August 2019 to March 2022 were selected as the research object. They were divided into the study group and the control group according to random number table, with 50 eyes in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with inosine tablets and vitamin B1, while patients in the study group were treated with ginsenoside Rg1 injection on the basis of the control group. The expression of BDNF and PACAP in serum, electroretinogram and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)were compared before and after treatment, and the retinal thickness(RT), mean deviation(MD), clinical efficacy and safety indexes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: There were no differences in the MD of the two groups before treatment(t=1.670, P=0.098), while the MD of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group after treatment(t=3.628, P<0.01). Before treatment, RT with a diameter of 1mm at the circle of macular fovea was compared between the two groups(t=0.108, P=0.914), it was significantly higher than that in the control group after treatment(t=6.125, P<0.01). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the results of dark adaptation of electroretinogram between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the results of dark adaptation in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.01). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the results of electroretinogram adaptation between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the results of electroretinogram adaptation in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in BDNF and PACAP between the two groups before treatment(all P>0.05). BDNF and PACAP in the study group were higher than those of the control group after treatment(all P<0.01). After treatment, no adverse reactions were observed in both groups.CONCLUSION: The treatment of patients with primary retinitis pigmentosa with ginsenoside will improve the retinal function and promote the prognosis of the disease by regulating the expression of BDNF and PACAP, and it is highly safe.

Establishment of the patient derived liver cancer xenograft model / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To establish the patient derived xenograft (PDX) model of liver malignant tumor, analyze the related factors affecting the carcinogenesis of PDX model, and analyze the differences of biological characteristics between the primary tumor and PDX model.Methods:Fresh liver malignant tumor tissue samples were collected from the patients who received the surgery from the Tianjin First Central Hospital and the samples were inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c-nu mice. The correlations between clinicopathological information and tumor formation rate were analyzed, and the pathological morphology and specific protein expression of PDX model and primary tumor were compared.Results:Thirty-three PDX models were successfully established from 63 cases of liver malignant tumors. The overall tumor formation rate was 52.4% (33/63), including 46.3% (25/54) of primary liver cancer and 88.9% (8/9) of liver metastasis. The main factors affecting the tumor formation rate were tumor pathological type, distant metastasis and TNM stage (all P<0.05). The pathological morphology and specific protein expression of PDX model and primary tumor were similar. Conclusion:The PDX model of liver malignant tumor was successfully constructed, and the tumor formation rate was high, and can maintain the biological characteristics of the primary tumor.

Mediating effect of resilience in workplace bullying and professional identity among nursing interns / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To explore the effect of resilience in the relationship between workplace bullying （WPB） and professional identity among nursing interns. Methods A total of 292 nursing interns from six grade A hospitals were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method. The WPB，professional identity，resilience，perceived stress and coping styles were investigated by the Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised， the Professional Identity Questionnaire for nurse students，the Chinese version of 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale，the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The scores of WPB and perceived stress were negatively correlated with those of professional identity，resilience，and positive coping styles（PCS）［Spearman correlation coefficients（rS ）were −0.354，−0.316，−0.388，−0.488，−0.636 and −0.478，all P<0.01］. There was a negative correlation between negative coping styles（NCS）and professional identity（rS =−0.117，P=0.046）. The scores of resilience and professional identity were positively correlated with that of PCS（rS were 0.539 and 0.482，both P<0.01）. There was a positive correlation between resilience and professional identity （rS =0.567，P<0.01）. The scores of WPB and perceived stress were positively correlated with that of NCS（rS were 0.350 and 0.281，both P<0.01）. There was a positive correlation between WPB and perceived stress（rS =0.419，P<0.01）. The scores of resilience and PCS were not correlated with that of NCS（both P>0.05）. Resilience played a mediating role between WPB and professional identity. The interaction between WPB and NCS could predict the professional identity and resilience of nursing interns（standardized regression coefficient were 0.31 and 0.17，both P<0.01）. Conclusion WPB can directly or indirectly affect nursing interns’professional identity through resilience，and NCS plays a moderating role on the direct effect of WPB and professional identity，and the relationship between WPB and resilience.

Shexiang Baoxin Pills in Regulation of Angiogenesis in Coronary Heart Disease： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Shexiang Baoxin pills （SBP） are prescribed based on Suhexiang Pills derived from the Formulary of the Bureau of Taiping People's Welfare Pharmacy （《太平惠民和剂局方》） in the Song Dynasty. As the classic Chinese patent medicine in warming and dredging with aromatics， SBP have been widely used in clinical treatment for 30 years by virtue of their unique efficacy in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease （CHD）. Angiogenesis is a biological process in which the body activates angiogenesis-related factors in the body to act on endothelial cells under local vascular injury， tumor growth， local inflammation， and other stimuli to promote the proliferation， migration， and infiltration of endothelial cells， and form new sprouting or non-sprouting blood vessels. As a new strategy for ischemic diseases such as CHD， therapeutic angiogenesis is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of CHD in promoting angiogenesis of ischemic myocardium and establishing effective collateral circulation. However， for the atherosclerotic plaque and tumor， angiogenesis promotion is a risk factor for accelerating the disease progression. Therefore， safe and effective regulation of ischemic myocardial angiogenesis has become the focus of the current prevention and treatment of CHD. Studies in recent years have shown that SBP can intervene in angiogenesis with multiple pathways and targets， which can exert therapeutic angiogenesis effect on CHD and also inhibit atherosclerotic plaque and tumor angiogenesis to varying degrees. This study reviewed the experimental and clinical trials on the regulatory effect of SBPs on angiogenesis in CHD to provide references for the research on Chinese medicine intervention in angiogenesis of CHD.

Optical quality assessment in patients with macular edema using optical quality analysis system / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To evaluate optical quality, intraocular scatter, and determine the impact of retinopathy on optical quality in macular edema(ME)patient by using the Optical Quality Analysis System(OQAS^TMⅡ).<p>METHODS: This was a prospective case-control study. Fifty-eight eyes of 49 macular edema patients who were confirmed by ophthalmic examination in our hospital from August 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the ME group, and 30 eyes of 30 healthy volunteers who were matched with gender and age range for the study were selected for the normal control group. The clinical data of the two groups of patients were recorded. Under the same test conditions, the same operator used OQAS^TMⅡ to check the visual quality of the study object, including the cutoff of the modulation transfer function(MTF cutoff), strehl ratio(SR), OQAS^TMⅡ values(100%, 20%, 9%)and contrast levels(OV100%, OV20%, OV9%). The difference of data between the two groups were analyzed, and the correlation between the visual quality and the thickness and volume of the macular fovea in the ME group were analyzed.<p>RESULTS: The average best corrected visual acuity in the macular edema group was significantly lower than the control group, and the thickness and volume of macular fovea were significantly higher than the control group(<i>P</i><0.001). Compared with the control group, the OSI of the macular edema group was significantly higher, and MTF cutoff, SR value, OV(100%, 20%, 9%)significantly decreased(<i>P</i><0.001). In the macular disease group, the thickness of macular fovea was positively correlated with OSI(<i>r</i>=0.566, <i>P</i><0.001), while MTF cutoff(<i>r</i>=-0.336, <i>P</i>=0.010), OV100%(<i>r</i>=-0.326, <i>P</i>=0.013), OV20%(<i>r</i>=-0.349, <i>P</i>=0.007)and OV9%(<i>r</i>=-0.321, <i>P</i>=0.014)were negative correlation, but it had no correlation with SR. In the macular edema group, the volume of macular fovea was positively correlated with OSI(<i>r</i>=0.574, <i>P</i><0.001). It was negatively correlated with MTF cutoff(<i>r</i>=-0.367, <i>P</i>=0.005), SR(<i>r</i>=-0.265, <i>P</i>=0.045), OV100%(<i>r</i>=-0.351, <i>P</i>=0.007), OV20%(<i>r</i>=-0.385, <i>P</i>=0.003)and OV9%(<i>r</i>=-0.375, <i>P</i>=0.004).<p>CONCLUSION: The optical quality of patients with macular edema is lower than the normal population, and the changes in macular retina morphology and thickness could affect the optical quality and intraocular scattering. The optical quality parameters measured by OQAS^TMⅡ may provide new clinical reference for macular function evaluation.

Investigation on the influencing factors of free education for rural order-oriented medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To understand the influencing factors of free education for rural order-oriented medical students and to explore the willingness of students to serve at the grass-roots, so as to provide reference for further optimizing the free education of medical students.Methods:A self-designed questionnaire survey was performed among 196 medical undergraduates majoring in free clinical medicine in one medical university of Shandong Province in March 2018 and 198 undergraduates majoring in general clinical medicine enrolled in the same year. The results of the survey were analyzed by SAS 9.2, and chi-square test, rank sum test and logistic regression were used to make statistic analysis.Results:The factors such as score of the national university entrance exam (wald χ2 = 52.309, P < 0.001), household registration location (wald χ2 = 9.304, P = 0.002), whether the only child in the family (wald χ2 = 12.608, P < 0.001), average monthly income of the family (wald χ2 = 5.557, P = 0.018), decision makers (wald χ2 = 15.206, P = 0.002) and willingness to serve at the grass-roots medical institutions (wald χ2 = 67.832, P < 0.001) had influence on medical students' choice of free education for order directional medical students. There were 113 (57.65%) of the free medical students intended to work at the grass-roots, while only 16 (8.08%) of the general medical students who were willing to work at the grass-roots. Conclusion:The implementation of free education for order-oriented medical students policy can satisfy the wishes of some people who have the willingness to serve at the grass-roots, but their family income and college entrance examination scores are not high. However, there are still some problems, which need the joint efforts of the government health departments and the training colleges and universities, and the corresponding follow-up support policies should be issued by the state at the same time.

Correlation of Platelet and Coagulation Function with Blood Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation of platelet and coagulation function with blood stasis syndrome (BSS) in coronary heart disease (CHD).@*METHODS@#The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019129452). PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception to 1st June, 2020. Trials were considered eligible if they enrolled BSS and non-BSS (NBSS) patients with CHD and provided information on platelet and coagulation function. The platelet function, coagulation function, and fibrinolytic activity were compared between the BSS and NBSS groups. Forest plots were generated to show the SMDs or ESs with corresponding 95% CIs for each study. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.@*RESULTS@#The systematic search identified 1,583 articles. Thirty trials involving 10,323 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, platelet aggregation rate, platelet P selectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1 α), and TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 α were higher in the BSS group than in the NBSS group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Activated partial thromboplastin time was lower in the BSS group than in the NBSS group in the acute phase of CHD (P<0.01). The R and K values in thromboelastography and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and t-PA/PAI-1 were lower in the BSS group than in the NBSS group (all P<0.01). No difference was found in the results of platelet count, plateletcrit, maximum amplitude, von Willebrand factor, prothrombin time, thrombin time, international normalized ratio, etc. between groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Increased platelet function, hypercoagulability, and decreased fibrinolytic activity were found among CHD patients with BSS.

Effect of Modified Guipitang Combined with Xingnao Kaiqiao Acupuncture in Treatment of Heart and Spleen Insufficiency Syndrome of Non-dementia Vascular Cognitive Impairment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the curative effect and partial mechanism of modified Guipitang combined with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture in the treatment of non-dementia vascular cognitive impairment (VCIND). Method: Totally 122 patients with VCIND admitted to the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from May 2017 to October 2018 were randomly divided into modified decoction group (39 cases), acupuncture group (42 cases) and combination group (41 cases). All of the three groups were orally given routine anticoagulants and lipid-lowering drugs. The decoction group was orally given modified Guipitang 150 mL/times, 2 times/day, in addition to the routine treatment, the acupuncture group was treated with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture method in addition to the routine treatment, involving Shuigou, Neiguan (bilateral), Sanyinjiao (bilateral), Sishencong, Xuanzhong (bilateral) and Taixi (bilateral) acupoints, 2 times/day, for six days a week, the combined group was treated with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture in addition to modified Guipitang. All of the three groups were treated for 8 weeks. The Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA scale, Beijing version) and activity of daily life (ADL) scale, TCM symptoms and clinical efficacy were scored before treatment, 4 weeks after treatment and 8 weeks after treatment in three groups. Serum levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and cone-like protein-1 (VILIP-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at different time points. Result: Compared with decoction group and acupuncture group, MoCA score, ADL score and TCM syndrome score of the combined group were decreased, the total effective rate was increased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the serum CGRP content was increased, and the VILIP-1 content was decreased. Conclusion: Modified Guipitang combined with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture has a definite curative effect on VCIND with heart and spleen insufficiency syndrome. Its mechanism may be related to the expansion of blood vessels, the alleviation of blood supply of brain and the reduction of neuron injury.

Correlation between somatic symptoms and social support in patients with depressive disorder / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of somatization symptoms and its correlation with social support in patients with depressive disorder.@*Methods@#Two hundred and fourteen hospitalized patients with depressive disorder were recruited. Patients were evaluated with Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI), Perceived Social Support from Family Scale (PSS-Fa), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the general questionnaire.@*Results@#The average SSI scores of depressive patients was 49.63±15.53, with 26.2% (56/214) of the patients having moderate to severe level of somatic symptoms. The most common moderate to severe somatic symptoms in depressive patients were "feeling fatigued (61.3%, 131/214), weak (49.5%, 106/214), not feeling well (47.7%, 102/214), feeling faint or dizzy (48.6%, 104/214), or constipation (29.9%, 64/214)" . The average SSRS scores of patients was low (33.24±7.16). The SSI scores and its non-painful dimension (39.05±12.14) were significantly negatively correlated with family support (11.03±3.45) (r=-0.150, P=0.03; r=-0.153, P=0.02) .The SSI scores, and its somatization dimension scores (49.63±15.53) and painful dimension scores (10.58±4.18) were negatively correlated with the total scores of social support (33.24±7.16) (r=-0.164, P=0.02; r=-0.183, P=0.01; r=-0.136, P<0.05) and subjective support (19.14±4.81) (r=-0.167, P=0.02; r=-0.163, P=0.02; r=-0.177, P=0.01) . The SSI scores and its non-painful dimension of patients were negatively correlated with support utilization (r=-0.179, P=0.01; r=-0.194, P=0.01) .@*Conclusion@#Somatic symptoms are prevalent and severe in patients with depressive disorder. The somatic symptoms of depressive patients was closely correlated with decreased social support, especially low subjective support and support utilization.

Investigation on the production of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in chronic bronchitis rats / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of the production of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in the rat models of chronic bronchitis (CB) with recurrent infections. Methods The CB models were made by double element of smoking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The rats were divided into four groups, including normal control group (n=5), phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-treated healthy rats control group (n=5), CB rats group (n=5) and PMA-treated CB rats group (n=6). Renal function of rats was detected. The histopathological lung and kidney tissues were observed by HE staining of paraffin section. Immunological markers, including myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA), proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (PR3-ANCA) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), were measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points. Correlation between CitH3 and MPO-ANCA was analyzed by the Spearman rank correlation. NETs components were further detected in lung and kidney tissue by confocal immunofluorescence and colocalization analysis. Results (1) The serum levels of CitH3 and MPO-ANCA in CB+PMA group showed an increased trend. Compared with those in the normal control group and CB rats group, the serum levels of CitH3 and MPO-ANCA in CB+PMA group increased significantly at the sixth week (both P＜0.05). Serum CitH3 levels in rats were positively correlated with serum MPO-ANCA levels (rs=0.490,P=0.024). (2) There were pathological manifestations of CB in the lung tissues of rats in CB group and CB+PMA group, and no obvious abnormalities in the lung tissues of rats in the normal control group and control group. In the rat kidney tissue of CB+PMA group, there were inflammatory cells infiltrated in the glomerular and around the renal tubules, but glomerular necrosis was not found. No obvious abnormalities were observed in the kidney tissues of rats in the normal control group, PMA-treated healthy rats control group and CB group. (3) In the lung and kidney tissues of CB+PMA group NETs could be detected by confocal immunofluorescence analysis. Conclusion CB rats with the recurrent infections can release large amounts of NETs, in which the exposure of MPO antigen will break the immune tolerance and result in the production of MPO-ANCA.

The analysis of pschological status of patients with oral lichen planus / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the pschological status of the patients with oral lichen planus disease (OLP) . Methods: 100 patients with OLP and 100 healthy controls were included. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), neuroticism extraversion openness (NEO) and WHOQOL-BREF were used to analyze the life quality and pschology of the subjects.Andrenocor-cicotropin (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) in serum were measured. The relationship between OLP and mental illness, stress, personality traits and life quality was analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences of gender and age between the case group and the control group (P＞ 0. 05) . There were significant differences of the SAS score, SDS score, NEO score, WHOQOLBREF score and the level of ACTH and CORT (P ＜ 0. 05) in serum between the 2 groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety, depression, personality and life quality were the influencing factors of OLP prevalence. Conclusion: The development of OLP may be related to psychological status, depression, stress, anxiety and so on.

Prediction of the relationship between the mandibular and craniofacial bone and cervical vertebrae based on a genetic algorithm in patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To explore the correlation between the parameters of the mandible and parameters of cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone in class Ⅱ skeletal patients in Northeast China and to establish correlation equations expressing the relationship between the mandible and cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone directly and quantitatively for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics and orthognathics and for prediction. @*Methods @#The mandible, cranial facial bone and cervical vertebrae of 201 children and adolescents aged 8 to 20 years were measured using digital cranial lateral tablets. All of the cases were divided into male (n=75) and female (n=126) groups using a sensitivity analysis method based on genetic algorithms to select the craniofacial bone and cervical bone with strong sensitivity to mandible parameters and to establish relevant equations. @*Results @#Through sensitivity analysis, the parameters with the strongest correlation between the measured values of the mandible were H4 and SN, those with a strong correlation were SN-Ar, the anterior and posterior high ratio SGo/NGn, the Y axis angle and mandibular angle Ar-Go-Gn. The established equation was as follows: males: Ar-Pg=28.415+1.818×H4+0.746×SN(r2=0.056 8, P < 0.001); females: Ar-Pg=15.168+1.706×H4+0.675×SN+0.31×SN-Ar-0.29×Y axis angle (r2=0.611, P < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the predicted values obtained by the established equations and measured values (P > 0.05). @*Conclusion @#The mandibular length equation established by sensitivity analysis and genetic algorithms is statistically significant and can predict a certain degree of growth and development.